Books

February 14, 2008

Phillip Knightley's First Casualty

How it begins:

"At ten minutes past eleven our Light Cavalry Brigade advanced . . . They swept proudly past, glittering in the morning sun in all the price and splendour of war . . . ."

How it ends:

"I never thought I'd live to see the day I'd watch a North Vietnamiese platoon . . . in the square in front of the Rex Movie Theatre."

From William Howard Russell's account of the "Charge of the Light Brigade" to the Associated Press reporter Peter Arnett's comment on observing the once unthinkable, The First Casualty, Phillip Knightley's saga of vainglorious thrill seekers, truth benders, sincere (and often frustrated) truth tellers, almost spies, truly spies, propagandists, and civilian and military censors, never lacks for entertainment.

One need not swallow the premise whole, i.e., that the first casualty of war is truth (and that its death is permanent), for after the journalists go the historians, but the accounts of military censorship, the mixed ideals and sympathies of war journalists, the consideration of both the dangers and practical politics of war theaters echo the complaints, and not a little the shananigans, of contemporary journalists in practice from Khabul to Mogadishu.

Because every page of this book sings, I can literally open any and slip into a compelling hook.  This is the sort of dangerous stuff Amazon loves--from Knightly's coverage of the reporting of World War I (p. 84):

The government had realised at an early stage that the ideal recruiting ground for propagandists was from among the most powerful newspaper proprietors and editors (although some historians and a few literary men also excelled).  The editors of The Times, the Express, the Daily Mail, the Evening Post, and the Chronicle and the managing director of Reuters all did their bit.  (Reuters placed its entire resources at the disposal of the Allied cause.)

It gets worse, which in the world of the literati means much, much better.

Knightly's is a devilish history, high recommended.

# # #

Knightly, Phillip.  The First Casualty.  From the Crimea to Vietnam: The War Correspondent as Hero, Propagandist, and Myth Maker.  New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1975.


Correspondence: James S. Oppenheim


February 12, 2008

Paulina (P. Porizkova) Has Published a Novel

A Model Summer turns out a good book too.

In fact, the admonition, "Write what you know!" has seldom been so delightfully tweaked.  Supermodel, calendar girl, and Sports Illustrated swimsuit issue babe Paulina Porizkova has put together a biting retribute for the just a little snarky world of fashion advertising and super modeling.

In this alternative perils of Paulina, meet Swedish glamazon ingenue with the always mispronounceable name Jirina Radovanovicova, her hero, rival, and frenemy "Evalinda", the good boy "Hugo", the glamorous Aussie photographer Rob Ryan, the gay MUA (Makeup Artist) Emanuel, the perverted lech of a director Dumowski, whom Jirina fellates in her bid to win a 30,000 franc campaign, and a whole supporting host of charming, meaningful, and reasonably well drawn types.

For the how-I-spent-my-summer journey of 15-year-old (whom everyone thinks is 16) Jirina, Porizkova provides plenty of warning up front by borrowing from Pope's pen, "In youth and beauty wisdom is but rare."

How deliciously painful that turns out.

Released in spring 2007, possibly in time for spring break, certainly for reading at the beach, it has gotten short shrift from at least Entertainment Weekly's web: "Think Top Model on coke: lots of coke, as well as booze, casting-couch sex, devious rivals — and one dreamy photographer." [2]

I don't even want to say, "It wasn't that bad" because, truth to tell, I thought it quite "pop" for a popular release. 

Also, frankly, well there's plenty of sex, drugs, and rigmarole throughout, the heroine's most telling encounter with coke confuses the white powder with the drink, so much so she unrolls the $20 bill and uses it to scrape her portion into a glass of water, which she then drinks expecting the Real Thing to the last.

As silly as a girl's book may be, this one nonetheless has its thoroughly adult and devilish turns.

Alex Kuczynski, who reviewed the work at greater length for The New York Times, noted Porizkova's long-standing snit with supermodelhood and early collision with history as the left-behind child of a couple who fled to Sweden with the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, and one those legs he seems to have gone looking for The Great Supermodel Novel and not found it.

Well, me neither.

What I found instead: a first novel in the spirit of Suzanne (Jacqueline) and a cautionary romance two or three decades younger than Anita Shreve's stock in trade. 

Put the well titled A Model Summer in the Valentine's basket for girls mid-teens to mid-twenties.

Having spent so many hours grappling with the various and hypermediated "conflict cultures" and related reading, it's good to have gotten a break--a burst of popcorn out of boiling oil--with this first novel by a still young Paulina Porizkova.

# # #

1. Porizkova, Paulina.  A Model Summer.  New York: Hyperion, 2007.

2. Armstrong, Jennifer.  "A Model Summer (2007).  Brief review.  EW.com, nd.

3. Kuczynski, Alex.  "In Her Fashion."  The New York Times, April 8, 2007.

Quick Links

Farley, David.  "Paulina Porizkova: A Model Traveler."  World Hum, January 9, 2007.

"Paulina Porizkova."  IMDb.

"Paulina Porizkova."  Wikipedia.


Correspondence: James S. Oppenheim


January 16, 2008

Reading About Warfare--Last Year's List (2007)

Oh, there's more (as well as forays into other areas of reading), but here in alphabetical order are volumes in the library, some having gathered dust for years, having been picked off the thrift store shelf for $0.95 years ago and set aside, some purchased new through Amazon and fearsome in their physical beauty--cover art, paper, typography--some, also through Amazon, found used in the hands of other vendors and affordable as first editions.

If a man should live as well as to have a library, a garden, and a woman, count him lucky indeed!

Demaris, Ovid.  Brothers in Blood: the International Terrorist Network.  New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1977.

Ovid Demaris classic history covers terrorist history in a manner impartial to ethnic, ideological, or religious motivation.  In fact, and I think most clearly, anarchic bids for power through violence for the hell of it as well as so many atrocities committed in the name of the good cause receive equal play.

Eck, Matthew.  The Farther Shore.  Milkweed Editions, 2007.

Matthew Eck's novel ranks among the first (although I can't yet tell you what the second might be) of fictions to come out of the conflict model developed in a Somlia-like country.  Along with "war is personal"--I'll have more to say about that in a moment--I have found through media, including these books, that it creates a playground, whimsical and torturous by turns, of odd events and displaced people and things.  In his book, Eck's characters move through environments devoid of front-page politics and defined by tactics and experiences reduced to the want of survival.  The author's first book turns out a fine one.

Gilbertson, Ashley.  Whiskey Tango Foxtrot: A Photographer's Chronicle of the Iraq War.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007.

I have mentioned and reviewed this volume elsewhere on this blog.  For a short note, call it a young man's odyssey through the odd and strange with a side trip into the horrific. 

Hirsi Ali, Ayaan.  Infidel.  New York: Free Press, 2007.

Native Somalian Ayaan Hirsi Ali cum Dutch citizen and first-rate fellow at the American Enterprise Institute tells of crossing the bridge to the west while fairly burning it behind her, and that not without cause.

Hisham, Matar.  In The Country of Men.  New York: The Dial Press, 2006.

In this novel set in an authoritarian arab country, the life of secrets becomes a boy's experience of the mysterious and dangerous environment swirling around the lives of his family and those of friends.

Hitchens, Christopher. god is not Great: How Religion Poisons Everything.  New York: Hachette Book Group USA, 2007.

Less an argument for athiesm, I think, then for temperance and tolerance among all, Hitchens dredges up the unholy dirt that has come out of the history of cultures and political systems as a direct result of ideological as well as religious fanatacism. 

Well, how hard both "temperance and tolerance" are to install in our hearts. 

Around here, to be personal about it, I throw out Hitchens and she throws back Collins or C.S. Lewis, Christian advocates both. 

As many a secular Jew before me, I'm on the agnostic universalist's track and have found in Hitchens good company for setting aside the divine (as a source of autodidactic intellectual amusement) in favor of looking more closely at all of existence, its many wonders, and its common principles.

Hosseini, Khaled.  A Thousand Splendid Suns.  New York: Riverhead Books, 2007.

Another Small Islamic War fiction, this one sings quite differently from Eck's tale of three soldiers in retreat: Hosseini, far more political and emphatic about it, inclines through caricature and character to illustrate life among those who could have cared so much less about politics.  In his rendering of Afghanistan before the Taliban, during, and after, death visits the innocent and unsuspecting with sudden and monstrous ferocity.

Keegan, John.  A History of Warfare.  New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1993.

The medical classes have long treated guns and wars alike as elements in epidemiology.  There are days here when I'm inclined to see war as an infernal force in nature, an irresistable urge among men, usually, to "bring it on" under the cover of every excuse under the sun.  Keegan's work does nothing to allay that view and much to underscore it as it winds through the evolution of barbarians, brigands, and brigades.

Laquer, Walter. Guerrilla: a historical and critical study.  Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1976.

While Laquer covered the conditions and tactics amenable to the pursuit of guerrilla warfare, his book today may stand as a signal to all that, and this today if not tomorrow, the world knows few, if any, conventional conflicts.  In fact, the failure, so far, of guerrilla practitioners to convert their efforts from small raids to, say, territory denied by barbed wire and tanks, strangely accounts for the contemporary persistence of warfare in human affairs.  The states with much at stake plain don't want to launch their ships or, if the U.S., fight long for conquest outright, if at that at all, while much smaller political cabal and movements (and criminal enterprises if, say, in Columbia or Mexico) keep the national armies busy.  All of today's hot zones, from Sudan to Iraq to the mountains of Pakistan, may be characterized as hosting internal guerrilla efforts representing, largely, localized civil disputes.

+Mahdi, Muhsin, Editor.  The Arabian Nights.  Husain Haddawy, Translator.  New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1992.

I have listed The Arabian Nights as it has gone up on the shelves with some sensible company.  Truth to tell, I read the entire volume out loud to a lover some years ago, and what a wonderful thing to discover these ancient mirrors that have survived through eventual transcription.

Malraux, Andre.  Man's Fate.  New York: Random House, 1984.

Taking up the cause of cause, identity, and personality with violence expressive of confusion, existence, love, and sacrifice may help keep this novel a classic among political tales.  Although the work finds its mise en scene in an urban part of China's revolution, its appeal to the individual want of rightness in the way of things may find its corollary in similar violence involving the want of the authentic and ideal as well as not a little revenge on circumstances and events imposed by the powers of the day.

Patai, Raphael.  The Arab Mind.  New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1973.

Patai's ethnography starts out in admiration and praise while winding up, despite its author's enthusiasms, in criticisms that might seem insufficiently challenged in today's Middle East.  Big talk, disinterest in introspection, tribal chauvinism, cultural myopia--all the hallmarks of the trite caricature are there.  Missing after 35 years: the Arab mind in Great Britain, Canada, and the United States.  With due regard to the cautions of The Middle East Forum in regard to Islam, as often on as not on the Arab part (as opposed to, say, the Turkish), one hopes the virtues of the West have not been lost on those who have found their new space in it.

Despite its ageing, however, Patai's book, and much because of who he was as a friend and scholar cultivating knowledge and relationships across the changing borders around Jerusalem, remains a most generous and readable introduction for westerners to Arab culture.

Of today's states of affairs, one might say, "if we apprehend, we may misjudge; if we judge, we may misapprehend."

It helps to have a primer.

Watson, Paul.  Where War Lives.  Toronto: McClelland & Stewart Ltd., 2007.

I don't think Paul Watson ever says in his book that "war is personal", but it's from this book, and from his description of so many involvements, including photographing the body of a Marine sargeant being dragged through the streets of Mogadishu--his Pulitzer prize-winning moment, that event--that violence and its extension through war fairly alter and define lives.

Most stunning: Watson's retelling of the account of two girls raped at an Afghani warlord's checkpoint and the revenge taken by a local cleric who had drummed up a war party for the purpose and gone on into Pakistan to form up the Taliban that was to rid Afghanistan of such thugs.

"War is personal" is my mantra: Paul Watson's memoir provides plenty of inspiration for repeating it.

# # #

October 30, 2007

Ashley Gilbertson's Whiskey Tango Foxtrot - Gonzo 'Tog Iraq

We returned to the hotel in Erbil one evening to file pictures.  I flicked on the television: still Fox-only.  In the green night vision made famous during the invasion, a correspondent was crouching in front of sandbags, wearing a flak jacket and a helmet.  He was supposedly on the front lines, reporting via a scratchy video phone.  He had to whisper, he said.  The enemy was so close.  We examined the screen.  Hadn't we seen that guy at dinner?  Fox's bureau was upstairs, so it was possible.  We took a closer look, and behind the sandbags Time and I could make out the distinctive architecture of our hotel.  Fox News' frontline correspondent was reporting from his hotel room with his lights turned out. [1, p. 12]

Way post-Pynchon, Ashley Gilbertson's Whisky Tango Foxtrot: A Photographer's Chronicle of the Iraq War conveys throughout the oddness of the catastrophe, starting with the claim that he had not meant to photograph war while following the saga of the refugees it made, a pursuit that came to include the story of the Kurds, which coverage then led to being around for Peshmerga engagements with the terrorist group Ansar al-Islam. 

"Word spread to the press that I was seeing a lot of fighting," Gilbertson writes.

Talk about not guarding one's reputation . . . .

The first photograph in the tapestry that will become a beer swillin', fear instillin', in-country independent alternating with the in-the-army embedded tour into blood-spattered manhood: two Arabs, accompanied by geese, playing at billiards on a table set out on the enshadowed fringe of a mountain wheat field.

Odd.

The next shot, however, has the more familiar look: "a Kurdish fighter, or Peshmerga, stands guard on the front line near Halabja, facing Ansar al-Islam, a radical Kurdish group connected with al-Qaeda."  That fighter in baggy khaki and camouflage, Kalashnikov swung muzzle down over his shoulder, his feet planted before a berm of rock and sandbags, his head turned toward thousands of acres of open range, looks the lonely part and place.

Still, just two pages on, there's the boy in olive serge smiling and pointing a gun, a toy, at the author.

Odd.

There's even a tender moment, sort of, as "Officers from the First Armored Division perform a traditional pileup after one of their peers is promoted to Captain."  Equivalent to the football player's collegial pat on the ass for a pass well received, the scene reminds the author of the "human pyramid photographs" out of Abu Ghraib.

Odd.

Not the least bit odd though: the storyline.

Ashley Gilbertson goes to war a young man, taking chances, knocks back a beer (plural) here and there in familiar gonzo journalist fashion, and comes out of it somewhat disturbed as well as much wiser about what I like to call the inexorable workings of things, including, perhaps, his own madness with the experience, about which he writes with a healthy dose of post-traumatic angst: "I wasn't interested in discussing anything except Iraq, but if anyone who hadn't been there wanted to talk about it, I wouldn't give them the time of day.  They didn't know jack shit about the place.  No one did unless they'd been there."

As far as I've come to be concerned, the engines in the Islamic Small Wars, and I would include the internecine violence in Iraq among them, derive their energy from deeply felt personal assessments--not religious belief--about the character of self and social place in each of the afflicted societies.  If instead the violence were truly about cast, class, or faith, the battles would form up categorically, visibly, and with the unalloyed cruelty of conventional confrontations; instead, the evil sends out shoots beneath the surface of cultures and amounts, most often, to the sporadic expressions of suicide bombers and men hunting prey or looking for a fight with what is not or seems no longer themselves.

Perhaps without intending so, Gilbertson's panoramic experience of the Iraqi frontier, from Arabs playing billiards at a table set beside a wheat field to the liberation to a gaggle of Polish peacekeepers--four women wearing tank tops and sitting in lawn chairs behind the walls of a camp on the outskirts of Karbala--as the shadow of the helicopter in which the author rides passes over them to thousands of Shia faithful bowed in prayer and filling a street, as far as the camera sees, in Sadr City to, and this perhaps the signature of the experience overall, an image of a prisoner sitting on a stone floor, his head covered with a black cloth or shirt and his nose practically touching his knee while the shadow of a Marine guard with his gun held muzzle down plays on the wall behind him, the oddest thing about the war is the relative normality of a circumstance that encounters a certain but altogether sporadic violence, and then the odd invisibility, even inscrutability, of key combatants whose knowledge of identities--of themselves as well as their appointed enemy--seems scant.

Again, odd.

Spend a day inside the pages of Whisky Tango Foxtrot, and you will have spent any given day inside the War in Iraq, from before the invasion to just about now.

# # #

1. Gilbertson, Ashley.  Whisky Tango Foxtrot: A Photographer's Chronicle of the Iraq War.  Introduction by Dexter Filkins.  Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2007.


Correspondence: James S. Oppenheim


October 25, 2007

Positively Dickensian: Joe Bageant and the Mills of the American Working Class

Anne and I met the redneck's liberal Joe Bageant while out for a stroll a month (or two) of Sundays ago in his hometown of Winchester, Virginia, an hour's pony ride from here, while he was out in his yard patching his old house and repairing to prepare for Belize on the proceeds of his demographic rant, Deer Hunting with Jesus.

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He didn't know it through our chit-chat over the housing market down his way, but we were part of the aspiring liberal educated poor: advanced degrees (true: we have three M.A.'s between us) and, for the D.C. area, low salaries or none, which, partly, is how I came to settle in Hagerstown, the Cumberland Valley, AKA about one-third to one-fifth off the price of anything and everything more closely associated with life around the nation's capital (Anne sort of caught up with me, and I let her, God bless).

I was once upon a time enamored of Charles Dickens, Jonathan Kozel, and Studs Terkel (whose work I haven't read but to which I have nonetheless given a special home in my library), also, from the 1980's education, E.F. Schumacher, George McRobie, and Larry Brown, whose works I had read, enthused as I was for ecology and economics (that first M.A.: "Outdoor Recreation Resources Management", which I managed to hook into a thesis, ne, "Perceived Social Competence, Boredom, and Capacity for Self-Entertainment," which title, to those who know me, still fits).

Anne, by comparison, seems to have missed some of the social studies reading but encountered the life. 

For the past five years, right up to this weekend but not beyond, in fact, she has served as a tutor for English composition for the TRIO Program at Bowie State University--"an educational outreach program that provides opportunities for academic development, assists students in meeting basic college requirements, and helps motivate students to successfully complete their postsecondary degrees"--a program that bestowed on her benefits by sucking about $500 per month, mandatory (the price of insuring the single woman had to be a retailer's 100 percent mark-up within a contract with the state), out of her modest, at best, paycheck for health insurance, leaving the Georgetown educated writer--also top-scoring SAT wunderkind out of high school)--living hand-to-mouth in a first-floor garden apartment efficiency down the block from my old place (yes, I picked her up at the swimming pool).

Anne, sez I, here's your chance to get out of D.C. and morph into the writer (and woman) you really want to be; and Jim, sez I also, you've had a great bachelor run and here may run into (or wreck upon) the "real life" of working white folk detailed so well by Joe Bageant.

As I have said now many times to my fellow writer and love, there must be a God to have brought us together that fated, sunny, chlorinated August afternoon: after a decade of dancing with snazzy, possibly inappropriate, cowgirls three or four nights a week down at the Cancun Cantina (and going home alone, usually, as consequence), I took that hard left turn out of the life and into oh my God (what have I done); alternatively, as I have often said to the old unrelenting if occasionally dancing "gal pal"--for whom I felt I was crawling at 9 miles an hour down the proverbial dead-end street--God also has a wicked sense of humor.

So here is my cold and rainy October morning in the mountains of western Maryland, and the girlfriend's moving in ('bout time), and I, liberal friend of the educated poor, am hunkered down shoulder-to-shoulder, as it were, with Joe Bageant, educated liberal friend of the high school educated po' white workin' class.

Remember, as if a father to children and if I teach you nothing else: God has a wicked sense of humor.

Wherefore these accidental meetings and new arriving possibilities and responsibilities?

Bageant's social tract, endearing in its bona fide trash-talkin' down-home tone (but, not to fool you, watch out for the Faulknerian tour de force when he gets going on guns and hunting--"For fifty years Kenny has oiled his guns and walked this ground, haunted by Pap, Daddy, Uncle Nelson, haunted by our Scots-Irish and Huguenot forefathers who likewise trod here, who planted it in buckwheat and hunted its frozen stubble"), rings also too true: for the men and women on the floors in manufacturing, retailing, and the less degreed parts of services (and even then), the economics have been bitter since the Reagan Devolution, and they're getting worse.

Bageant, in a near miraculous act of secular prophecy, foretells the mortgage meltdown settling down in the bellies of the the markets like the big, soft cancerous ball it is, while at the same time, which is the meat of his book, delving into the political psychology of kith and kin who have gone wayward into unhelpful Republican politics and backward (by the millions) into the comforts of Christian fundamentalist life.

Once upon a time, from Roosevelt to Johnson at least, the Democrats stood up for the working man, concocting social security and enabling unions, but perhaps at a time when it made a difference.  Today, employers higher "temps" (not to mention "interns," the most pernicious of cost-reducing practices), churn and rotate labor at the lowest levels, or, as I think has happened with Anne--these are my thoughts, not hers--threaten to indenture its far better educated, egalitarian, and idealistic citizens (at least the ones not armed with math, science, and engineering degrees for hooking into the mixed corporate-defense conglomerate) for as meager a sum as the low-rent lifestyle allows.

Personally, I'm not ready to raise my fist and shout "Solidarity!"--there's much to dislike in those politics too--but with Bageant, one hears both the call and the prophecy, and it's not only for the beer swillin' salt o' the earth but for all for whom employer interest and loyalty followed by the benefits of health care, education, affordable housing, and certain and decent retirements have slipped from grasp.

Daddy always said, "Don't get greedy."

To whom he was speaking, I was not always sure.

For the good dose of righteous whining underlaid by hard to remove facts, click on over to www.joebageant.com.

I'll probably have to go on and read "Studs" (The Great Divide) now (just as soon as I finish saving Somalia--truly, also on deck: Catherine Besteman's Unraveling Somalia: Race, Violence, and the Legacy of Slavery), but I have yet a few colorful and incendiary pages of Bageant's work through which to plow, and I'm going to enjoy them.

# # #

1. Bageant, Joseph L.  Deer Hunting with Jesus.  New York: Crown Publishers (Random House), 2007.


Correspondence: James S. Oppenheim


September 13, 2007

Where it Begins: Paul Watson on War

"After U.S.-backed mujahideen forced Soviet troops to end their almost decade-long occupation in 1989, Washington turned its back on Afghanistan as it collapsed into a ferocious civil war. Five years later, as local legend has it, members of a warlord's militia kidnapped and gang-raped two teenaged girls at a checkpoint in his home village of Singesar, in the dust-blown badlands an hour's drive from the southern city of Kandahar. It was a common crime, one that normally would have faded into the brutal monotony of violence that was strangling Afghanistan in 1994. But this time the atrocity changed the destiny not only of a country, but the world.

"Mullah Mohammed Omar, an obscure country cleric and mujahideen veteran who lost an eye to shrapnel during the war against the Soviets, decided he had had enough. He mustered a small group of fighters, attacked the checkpoint, and then hanged the militia commander from a tank barrel. He then fled across the Pakistan border to the province of Baluchistan, where, with the help of military intelligence, he recruited fighters fired up for a new jihad by the puritanical Wahabi theology exported from Saudi Arabia and taught in hundreds of Pakistan's madrassas, or Koranic schools. These students of religion, or Talibs, formed a militia called the Taliban, which used Pakistan army officers as front-line advisers, and war material and other supplies from Pakistan, to win a series of stunning victories in their sweep across southern Afghanistan." [1]

What would any father, had he the power, have done?

I've often suggested that we don't choose books: they choose us.

Paul Watson's recently published book, Where War Lives, has done that to me with a vengeance and on several levels. The last paragraphs read, the ones quoted here, lock a lot of questions into place, starting with why, then who and how.

For just those two paragraphs, one may wonder less at the ferocity of Taliban motivation, Pakistani President Musharraf’s ambivalence, long patience, or hesitation at Lal Masjid before students brazenly baited and then, armed with AK-47’s, attacked police, and the acid stew of anger, mistrust, tribal affiliation, and religion that sustains the horrific violence swirling through each of the Islamic conflict zones.

As the truth in things never resists examination and has a mighty persistence, I believe Paul Watson, a much humbled and stumbling Everyman of a journalist, the guy who got, or rather took, That Picture of a dead American soldier being dragged by a mob through the streets of Mogadishu, has here written a terrific book, one in which one may glimpse the inexorable working of things well enough to inch ahead, perhaps, of some of part of the horror.

# # #

1. Watson, Paul. Where War Lives. Toronto, Ontario: McClelland & Stewart, Ltd., 2007, p. 167-8.


Correspondence and Permissions: James S. Oppenheim